{"thcode":23,"term":{"code":40,"name":"Recreational Nonextractive \/Cultural Use","parent":39,"scope":"These are activities pursued by individuals or groups for the purposes of recreation, exercise, sport, cultural traditions, or spiritual renewal. Many involve people in, on, or under the water, often with a small vessel or dive gear. With the exception of Cultural Use, which may include traditional harvest of certain resources by tribes or native peoples, all involve nonextractive activities."},"uf":[],"bt":[{"code":39,"name":"Ocean Uses","parent":6,"scope":"Data about human activities that occur in, on, under, or immediately above the water in the Nation's coastal and marine environments. Humans use and engage with the oceans in a variety of ways and purposes. To provide an objective, transparent, and consistent means of describing, understanding, and planning for those diverse activities, NOAA's National Marine Protected Areas Center recently published A Common Language of Ocean Uses (Wahle and Townsend, 2013). This simple framework defines 35 distinct ways that people use the oceans in the United States. The framework describes each use from a functional perspective, articulating in objective terms how and where the use typically operates in ocean space and what components it involves (for example, vessels, gear, and so on). The resulting use categories provide a means for aggregating functionally similar uses (for example, offshore recreational and commercial pelagic fishing), while allowing important distinctions to be made and explored within the categories (for example, uses pursued for commercial as opposed to recreational purposes). These Ocean Use categories are included in this document as a proposed unifying framework for collecting, organizing, managing, and applying data on human uses of the oceans for CMSP and other place-based management efforts. Distributions are maps or other spatial representations of human uses of the ocean across space or over time. Assessments are evaluations of the trends, ecological requirements and impacts, demographics, socioeconomic drivers and benefits, and conflicts and compatibilities of other human uses of the ocean in its present distribution. Predictions are the results of projections of future distributions or implications of human uses of the ocean, including changes in response to human and natural processes, optimal locations, and trade-offs resulting from different management actions. As an organizing tool, these uses are here divided into five groups, or sectors, reflecting commonalities of purpose and approach among similar uses."},{"code":6,"name":"Data Content Subjects","parent":1,"scope":"Environmental characteristics and processes as well as human activities that use, rely on, or impact those features."},{"code":1,"name":"Data Categories for Marine Planning","parent":null,"scope":"Categories indicating the breadth of information types required for ocean planning from a national, multidisciplinary perspective. Published in USGS Open-File Report 2015-1046, doi:10.3133\/ofr20151046"}],"nt":[{"code":50,"name":"Cultural Use","parent":40,"scope":"Traditional and current use of specific ocean, coastal, and shoreline areas by tribal and indigenous communities, based on the area's inherent cultural, spiritual, or aesthetic values and significance; it excludes activities that can be classified in other Ocean Use categories."},{"code":46,"name":"Motorized Boating","parent":40,"scope":"Includes transit, mooring, or anchoring by motorized vessels, including personal watercraft, for commercial or recreational purposes; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Fishing, Wildlife Viewing at Sea, Cruise Ships, Shipping, and Sailing categories."},{"code":44,"name":"Paddling","parent":40,"scope":"Includes kayaking, canoeing, rowing, outrigger paddling, and stand-up paddling; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Motorized Boating and Surface Board Sports categories."},{"code":45,"name":"Sailing","parent":40,"scope":"Includes transit, mooring, motoring, or anchoring by sailboats, including sailing kayaks and canoes; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Motorized Boating and Paddling categories."},{"code":41,"name":"Scuba\/Snorkeling","parent":40,"scope":"Includes scuba diving, surface supply diving, snorkeling (that is, free diving); it excludes activities that can be classified in the Swimming or Dive Fishing categories."},{"code":49,"name":"Shore Use","parent":40,"scope":"Includes walking, running, digging, resting, collecting of shells, wildlife viewing, driving on the beach, camping, kite flying, bonfires, picnicking, dog walking, horseback riding, skim boarding, and related recreational activities; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Tide Pooling, Mining and Mineral Extraction, Surface Board Sports, Swimming, Harvesting from Shore, or Coastal Aquaculture categories."},{"code":43,"name":"Surface Board Sports","parent":40,"scope":"Includes tow-in and paddle-in surfing, windsurfing, kite surfing, and sailboarding; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Paddling, Scuba\/Snorkeling, and Swimming categories."},{"code":42,"name":"Swimming","parent":40,"scope":"Includes short- and long-distance surface swimming at any distance from shore and body surfing; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Scuba\/Snorkeling and Surface Board Sports categories."},{"code":48,"name":"Tide Pooling","parent":40,"scope":"Includes the nonconsumptive use of the intertidal zone between high and low tides for recreational, scientific, or educational purposes; it excludes activities that can be classified in the Harvesting from Shore or Shore Use categories."},{"code":47,"name":"Wildlife Viewing at Sea","parent":40,"scope":"Includes boat-based wildlife viewing at sea, usually on a commercial vessel; it excludes incidental wildlife viewing from shore or sea while pursuing other activities such as those that are classified in the Motorized Boating, Paddling, or Sailing categories."}],"rt":[]}