Includes measures of the ranges and distributions of the chemical, physical, and biological constituents of waters, including temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total suspended solids, chlorophyll, nutrients, bacteria, and toxicants. Distributions are recorded observations as a function of time and place, including measures of one or more parameters; maps that use observations and consider hydrodynamic factors to estimate present distributions or ranges; or categorizations of areas using classification systems such as CMECS to identify ranges. Assessments evaluate the current ecological, human health, or economic effects, values, or harms linked to water-quality parameters as well as evaluating effects on ecosystems, biotic distributions, and ecological processes. In the case of temperature, this includes ecological, industrial, and human service values but does not include values related to energy production, which are covered in the Energy Resources category. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, and human health or ecological impacts of water-quality parameters; Predictions include predicted effects due to changes in climate, industrial or residential needs, land use, or other natural and human forces and include scenario-based models of the impacts of changes to parameters on ecological, human health, or economic values under different management strategies or other human alterations.